初中英语常见错误之L系列

　　large ?

　　[误] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

　　[正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

　　[析] a large number of + 复数名词，意为大量的。?

　　last ?

　　[误] This is the newest news.?

　　[正] This is the latest news.?

　　[析] 最新消息应为latest news，因为最晚到的资讯才是最新消息，请注意英语与汉语的区别。?

　　last the last ?

　　[误] I saw my brother the last week.?

　　[正] I saw my brother last week.?

　　[析] 当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠词，the last 可用于表示一系列词的最后一个，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期，如： I am busy for the last week.?

　　late ?

　　[误] Yesterday I went home lately.?

　　[正] Yesterday I went home late.?

　　[析] late即可做形容词又可作副词;而lately则意为最近的，如： I havent seen her lately.?

　　late latter later lately ?

　　late有两个比较级，指时间较晚应用later，如口语中常讲： See you later. (一会见。)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者，或靠后的，其反意词为former，如： the former president(前总统)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately则意为近来、不久前。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 则指笑着谈论某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我们笑着谈论那个电影。)?

　　lay ?

　　[误] We lied on the beach.?

　　[正] We lay on the beach.?

　　[析] 英文中有三个动词易混，在考试中也频频出现，它们的现在式，过去式，过去分词以及现在分词是： ?

　　lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

　　lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

　　lie(?vi?. 说谎) lied lied lying?

　　learn ?

　　[误] The teacher said：You must study this poem by heart.?

　　[正] The teacher said：You must learn this poem by heart.?

　　[析] study与learn在作学习讲时，常常可以互换，但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study则多侧重于学习的过程，如： Im studying at this college. 而learnby heart则是记住、背诵之意。?

　　leave ?

　　[误] Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　[正] Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　[析] leave for一词组为去某地，如对话中常讲Ill leave for Shanghai. 因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。?

　　leave forget ?

　　[误] Ive forgotten my homework at home.?

　　[正] Ive forgotten my homework.?

　　[正] Ive left my homework at home.?

　　[析] 如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

　　lesson ?

　　[误] I have two lessons of English.?

　　[正] I have two English lessons.?

　　[正] I have two lessons in English.?

　　[析] 我有两节英语课。这一表达法如上，但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用I have two classes.?teach somebody a lesson 为教训某人，或要吸取教训，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

　　lend ?

　　[误] Please borrow me your bike.?

　　[正] Please lend me your bike.?

　　[析] borrow是指借入，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是借出，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep为借多久： 如 How long can I keep it??

　　less ?

　　[误] He has fewer money than she has.?

　　[正] He has less money than she has.?

　　[析] less是little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词，而后者修饰可数名词。?

　　let ?

　　[误] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[析] 虽然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

　　[误] Lets go to the park, will you??

　　[正] Lets go to the park, shall we??

　　[误] Let us go to the park, shall we??

　　[正] Let us go to the park, will you??

　　[析] Lets go的反意疑问句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑问句则是will you??

　　life ?

　　[误] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

　　[正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

　　[析] life作为生命、性命时应为可数名词;当泛指一般生活讲时则为不可数名词，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.?

　　light ?

　　[误] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

　　[正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

　　[析] light有两个过去分词： lighted和lit，当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.?light可以用作名词，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容词，如： The classroom is very light. 还可以作动词，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容词时还有轻、浅等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.?

　　like ?

　　[误] My sister is very as me.?

　　[正] My sister is very like me.?

　　[析] as 作为连词其后要接从句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介词，其后接宾语。?

　　[误] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

　　[正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

　　[析] like作为动词当喜欢讲时，其后面可接不定式也可接动名词，用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作，如： Im sorry I dont like to go swimming tonight. 用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作，如： I like swimming very much.?

　　like alike ?

　　作为形容词，alike 一般不作定语，而只作表语，如; The twins are very alike.?

　　[误] Would you like swimming with us??

　　[正] Would you like to swim with us??

　　[析] 在would you like这一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接动名词。?like的用法还要注意以下两点： ① He likes Tom. 为他喜欢汤姆。② He is like Tom. 为他像汤姆。第二句话的like为介词，而第一句话的like为动词。?

　　listen ?

　　[误] You should hear the teahcers advice.?

　　[正] You should listen to the teachers advice.?

　　[析] hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音，而listen to则侧重于听的倾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句为听取某人意见，所以只能用listen to someones advice.?

　　little ?

　　[误] Dont worry, there is little time.?

　　[正] Dont worry, there is a little time.?

　　[误] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

　　[正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

　　[析] 要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文水不多了，我去取点吧。英文要讲没水了，我去取点吧。?

　　little small ?

　　little与small是近义词，在作定语时常常可以互换，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表语，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定语时little常常带有感情色彩，而small则带有对比的含义。?

　　live ?

　　[误] Tom lives with his parents money.?

　　[正] Tom lives on his parents money.?

　　[误] He lives on teaching.?

　　[正] He lives by teaching.?

　　[析] 靠吃某物为生应用live on something, 而live by是靠某种生活手段为生。?

　　living alive ?

　　living侧重于生活得很好，身体不错，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive则强调没有死而是活着的，如： Is that cat alive or dead??

　　lonely ?

　　[误] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

　　[正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

　　[析] lonely意为寂寞的、孤单的，如： The old man felt lonely. alone则意为独自的、单独的，如： He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.

　　?

　　long ?

　　[误] I have been studying long for the exam.?

　　[正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

　　[析] long用作表达时间的副词时，在否定句及疑问句中最常用，但在肯定句中除与so, too, asas连用外，一般要用for a long time.?

　　[误] Ill call you as long as the book will be returned.?

　　[正] Ill call you as long as the book is returned.?

　　[析] asas引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来。?

　　[误] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[析] 因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率，要用how often.

　　?

　　look ?

　　look for find ?

　　look for 侧重于 寻找这个动作，如： What are you looking for? 而find则侧重于结果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 这里不能用look for，因为真正困难的是找到工作。?

　　其他用法还有：?

　　[例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

　　[析] look back on something 为回顾、回想。?

　　[例] I wish you wouldnt look down on (upon) the childrens work.?

　　[析] look down on (upon) 为看不起某人或某事。?

　　[误] Im looking forward to see you.?

　　[正] Im looking forward to seeing you.?

　　[析] look forward to词组中的to是介词，所以其后要加名词或动名词，不能接不定式。

?

　　lot ?

　　[误] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

　　[正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

　　[析] much money多用于疑问句与否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of与a lot of之间无多大区别，两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词，所以常常可以互换。?

　　[误] He is more happier now.?

　　[正] He is a lot happier now.?

　　[析] 不可用more来修饰比较级，能修饰比较级的词有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

　　loud loudly ?

　　这两个词含意相同，在日常用语中loud多与talk，speak, shout, laugh等动词连用，如：Dont speak so loud， youll wake the baby. 而在比较正式的场合才用loudly.?

　　loud aloud ?

　　loud多指把声音放大，而aloud则指要出声不要默读。如：?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不过自言自语。)?

　　large ?

　　[误] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

　　[正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

　　[析] a large number of + 复数名词，意为大量的。?

　　last ?

　　[误] This is the newest news.?

　　[正] This is the latest news.?

　　[析] 最新消息应为latest news，因为最晚到的资讯才是最新消息，请注意英语与汉语的区别。?

　　last the last ?

　　[误] I saw my brother the last week.?

　　[正] I saw my brother last week.?

　　[析] 当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠词，the last 可用于表示一系列词的最后一个，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期，如： I am busy for the last week.?

　　late ?

　　[误] Yesterday I went home lately.?

　　[正] Yesterday I went home late.?

　　[析] late即可做形容词又可作副词;而lately则意为最近的，如： I havent seen her lately.?

　　late latter later lately ?

　　late有两个比较级，指时间较晚应用later，如口语中常讲： See you later. (一会见。)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者，或靠后的，其反意词为former，如： the former president(前总统)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately则意为近来、不久前。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 则指笑着谈论某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我们笑着谈论那个电影。)?

　　lay ?

　　[误] We lied on the beach.?

　　[正] We lay on the beach.?

　　[析] 英文中有三个动词易混，在考试中也频频出现，它们的现在式，过去式，过去分词以及现在分词是： ?

　　lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

　　lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

　　lie(?vi?. 说谎) lied lied lying?

　　learn ?

　　[误] The teacher said：You must study this poem by heart.?

　　[正] The teacher said：You must learn this poem by heart.?

　　[析] study与learn在作学习讲时，常常可以互换，但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study则多侧重于学习的过程，如： Im studying at this college. 而learnby heart则是记住、背诵之意。?

　　leave ?

　　[误] Ill leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　[正] Ill leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　[析] leave for一词组为去某地，如对话中常讲Ill leave for Shanghai. 因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。?

　　leave forget ?

　　[误] Ive forgotten my homework at home.?

　　[正] Ive forgotten my homework.?

　　[正] Ive left my homework at home.?

　　[析] 如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

　　lesson ?

　　[误] I have two lessons of English.?

　　[正] I have two English lessons.?

　　[正] I have two lessons in English.?

　　[析] 我有两节英语课。这一表达法如上，但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用I have two classes.?teach somebody a lesson 为教训某人，或要吸取教训，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

　　lend ?

　　[误] Please borrow me your bike.?

　　[正] Please lend me your bike.?

　　[析] borrow是指借入，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是借出，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep为借多久： 如 How long can I keep it??

　　less ?

　　[误] He has fewer money than she has.?

　　[正] He has less money than she has.?

　　[析] less是little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词，而后者修饰可数名词。?

　　let ?

　　[误] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

　　[析] 虽然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

　　[误] Lets go to the park, will you??

　　[正] Lets go to the park, shall we??

　　[误] Let us go to the park, shall we??

　　[正] Let us go to the park, will you??

　　[析] Lets go的反意疑问句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑问句则是will you??

　　life ?

　　[误] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

　　[正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

　　[析] life作为生命、性命时应为可数名词;当泛指一般生活讲时则为不可数名词，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.?

　　light ?

　　[误] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

　　[正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

　　[析] light有两个过去分词： lighted和lit，当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.?light可以用作名词，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容词，如： The classroom is very light. 还可以作动词，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容词时还有轻、浅等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.?

　　like ?

　　[误] My sister is very as me.?

　　[正] My sister is very like me.?

　　[析] as 作为连词其后要接从句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介词，其后接宾语。?

　　[误] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

　　[正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

　　[析] like作为动词当喜欢讲时，其后面可接不定式也可接动名词，用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作，如： Im sorry I dont like to go swimming tonight. 用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作，如： I like swimming very much.?

　　like alike ?

　　作为形容词，alike 一般不作定语，而只作表语，如; The twins are very alike.?

　　[误] Would you like swimming with us??

　　[正] Would you like to swim with us??

　　[析] 在would you like这一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接动名词。?like的用法还要注意以下两点： ① He likes Tom. 为他喜欢汤姆。② He is like Tom. 为他像汤姆。第二句话的like为介词，而第一句话的like为动词。?

　　listen ?

　　[误] You should hear the teahcers advice.?

　　[正] You should listen to the teachers advice.?

　　[析] hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音，而listen to则侧重于听的倾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句为听取某人意见，所以只能用listen to someones advice.?

　　little ?

　　[误] Dont worry, there is little time.?

　　[正] Dont worry, there is a little time.?

　　[误] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

　　[正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

　　[析] 要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文水不多了，我去取点吧。英文要讲没水了，我去取点吧。?

　　little small ?

　　little与small是近义词，在作定语时常常可以互换，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表语，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定语时little常常带有感情色彩，而small则带有对比的含义。?

　　live ?

　　[误] Tom lives with his parents money.?

　　[正] Tom lives on his parents money.?

　　[误] He lives on teaching.?

　　[正] He lives by teaching.?

　　[析] 靠吃某物为生应用live on something, 而live by是靠某种生活手段为生。?

　　living alive ?

　　living侧重于生活得很好，身体不错，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive则强调没有死而是活着的，如： Is that cat alive or dead??

　　lonely ?

　　[误] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

　　[正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

　　[析] lonely意为寂寞的、孤单的，如： The old man felt lonely. alone则意为独自的、单独的，如： He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.

　　?

　　long ?

　　[误] I have been studying long for the exam.?

　　[正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

　　[析] long用作表达时间的副词时，在否定句及疑问句中最常用，但在肯定句中除与so, too, asas连用外，一般要用for a long time.?

　　[误] Ill call you as long as the book will be returned.?

　　[正] Ill call you as long as the book is returned.?

　　[析] asas引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来。?

　　[误] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

　　[析] 因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率，要用how often.

　　?

　　look ?

　　look for find ?

　　look for 侧重于 寻找这个动作，如： What are you looking for? 而find则侧重于结果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 这里不能用look for，因为真正困难的是找到工作。?

　　其他用法还有：?

　　[例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

　　[析] look back on something 为回顾、回想。?

　　[例] I wish you wouldnt look down on (upon) the childrens work.?

　　[析] look down on (upon) 为看不起某人或某事。?

　　[误] Im looking forward to see you.?

　　[正] Im looking forward to seeing you.?

　　[析] look forward to词组中的to是介词，所以其后要加名词或动名词，不能接不定式。

?

　　lot ?

　　[误] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

　　[正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

　　[析] much money多用于疑问句与否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of与a lot of之间无多大区别，两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词，所以常常可以互换。?

　　[误] He is more happier now.?

　　[正] He is a lot happier now.?

　　[析] 不可用more来修饰比较级，能修饰比较级的词有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

　　loud loudly ?

　　这两个词含意相同，在日常用语中loud多与talk，speak, shout, laugh等动词连用，如：Dont speak so loud， youll wake the baby. 而在比较正式的场合才用loudly.?

　　loud aloud ?

　　loud多指把声音放大，而aloud则指要出声不要默读。如：?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不过自言自语。)?