2024届高考英语考前冲刺：专题精选任务型阅读
2024届高考英语考前冲刺专题精选任务型阅读
一、题型特点与实战训练
一、任务型阅读的题型特点
江苏省高考英语任务型阅读题目要求根据所读，用恰当的词语补全全文提纲，概括关键内容。任务型阅读提供了两种示例——表格式和树状式。题例中要求考生根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意每空一词。其中在第二示例中特别强调“补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求”。这些要求考生能够顺利读懂文章，并能够掌握文章大意和分析文章结构框架。同时也要求考生拥有扎实的语法和词汇知识，做到自如应用。Don’t forget there may also be some other problems.
= Do _________ there may also be some other problems.
Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous.
= Shyness and ___________ make it easy to make mistakes.
28 of the 33 gold medalists wore the body covering Rastskin suit.
=Rastskin suit was __________ by 28 of the 33 gold medal winners at the Sydney Olympics.
To achieve success, you need to have a clear aim and strong determination.
=If you are to _________, you should be determined.
Don’t speak in an angry way.
=Don’t speak ___________
After-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.
= After-school programming is an effective method to help young people make ____________to society.
The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
A tsunami(海啸) hits southern Africa,
______
cities on the African coast, and_________
millions of people.
Be responsible for your own learning
=Take ____________for your own learning
Skin color is also affected by another source vitamin D.
=Vitamin D is another source___________ skin color.
We should consider what the other person needs and expects.
=Needs and ___________ of others should be taken into ______________.
2. 注意句子结构转换
The cheating athlete is not easy to catch out.
= The cheating athlete is not __________ caught out.
Building a list can be difficult.
= A list can be difficult to ____________=It can be difficult to build a list
It should offer important information.
= It’s ___________ to offer important information.
Find some information before you talk to career advisers.
=Find some information before ________ career advisers.
About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times faster than sound.
=One piece hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the __________ of sound.
Please greet others whenever you can.
=Please greet others whenever____________
As the company expands, it becomes more popular.
=With the company ___________, it becomes more popular.
It’s worth taking the time.
=The time you spend will be ___________
3. 另选其它词来释义（注意常用短语的记忆）
You are encouraged to keep records of the sources used by each person, which helps you trace back to the origin of the problems that may happen unexpectedly.
=You are encouraged to keep records of the sources just in __________.
People play indoor sports in all weathers.
= People play indoor sports __________ the weather.
Half of the parents didn’t know about their children’s motor skills.
= Half of the parents were not __________ of their children’s motor skills.
These amateur athletes will probably never become rich or famous. They must work at their jobs while training.
=These amateur athletes will probably never become rich or famous and they must ____________ their work with training.
Don’t spend time on some meaningless words.
=____________spending time on some meaningless words.
学会归纳概括词汇
概括词汇有时可以在文章中找到，有时要注意常见的搭配和文章的结构另想它词。在平时练习中注意运用和记忆。
概括性词汇：
原因和结果 cause(s) (of…..); reason(s)( for….); analysis ( about..)
effect(s); result(s); consequence(s)
态度观点 attitude(s) ( to/ towards…); opinion(s) (on/about….)
比较 comparison(s) between A and B
异同 difference(s); similarity(similarities)
优劣 benefit(s); (dis)advantage(s); (in)convenience; strength(s); weakness(es)
目的 purpose(s); aim(s); goal(s)
建议预计 advice; suggestion(s); tip(s);
prediction; forecast
问题 problem(s)
方式方法 means (of….); method(s)(of…) ; way(s)(to do); approach(es)(to doing) ; solution(s) to sth; how (to do….)
总结概括
summary; conclusion
特点 feature (s); characteristic(s)
重要意义 significance; importance; meaning
定义主题 definition（定义）; theme(主题); topic（话题）
来源用途 source（来源）; origin（起源）; use; usage; function（功能）
种类 kind; type; category
步骤过程 steps; procedures; process
措施行动 measures; steps; action(s)
评论评价反应 comment(on/about…); remark(on/upon); assessment(评估); response (to .sth) ; reaction(to sth)
背景信息简介 background information(on/ about….); brief introduction(to…)
事件时间地点 event(s); time; place
和人有关的名词 birthday, birthplace, death, nationality, education, appearance, salary, activity(activities); achievement(s)
和地方有关的名词 a place of interest, a tourist attraction, tourism, destination, area, location, history, climate, population, culture—cultural, politics—political; economy---economic; custom(s), tradition(s), transport/ transportation; the living conditions
和疾病有关的名词 definition; cause(s), symptom(s); prevention; treatment(s)
例： A smart card is a card that is carried with either a microprocessor and a memory chip or only a memory chip that is not programmable. The microprocessor card can add. delete, and deal with the information on the card, while a memory-chip card can only do one thing.
Smart cards, unlike magnetic stripe cards, can do many different things and hold a lot of information. In this way, they do not need to get information from a faraway place when they are used.
Today, there are several kinds of smart cards, all of which are very popular in the market:
IC (Integrated Circuit) Microprocessor Cards Microprocessor Cards (chip cards) offer a larger memory and better security than the traditional magnetic stripe cards do. Chip cards can also hold data. These cards are used for many things. Thus, chips have been the main platform for cards that hold a secure digital identity. Some examples of these cards are:
Cards that hold money.
Cards that provide safe access to a network.
Cards that allow setting stop boxes on televisions to remain safe from privacy.
Optical Memory Cards Optical memory cards look like cards with a piece of CD on the top. Optical memory cards can store up to 4MB of data. But once written, the data can not be changed or removed. Thus, this type of card is good for keeping records, such as medical files, driving records or travel histories. Today, these have no processors in them (although this is coming in the near future). While the cards are almost as cheap as chip cards, the card readers are expensive.
Title:
Smart cards
(1)___________ (2)____________ (3)_____________ (4)____________
IC Chip Cards A larger memory &
Better security
Hold data Not mentioned Popularity
Large memory
Low cost of
cards
Optical Memory
cards Store much data
Good for doctors
Drivers and travelers
to keep records
Cost not much Unchangeable data
No processors
Expensive car readers
附：任务型阅读中的高频词：
1.使某人能够做enable / allow sb to do
2.不能做某事fail to do
3.绝非易事no easy job
4.避免做avoid doing
5.包括……including sth= sth included
6.导致result in= lead to=contribute to=bring about = cause= give rise to
7.符合需求meet/ satisfy / suit one’s needs/ wants/ demands/ requirements
8.充分利用make the most of=make the best(use) of= make full use of
9.依靠depend on=be dependent on
10.建立在……基础上be based on
11.做某事有困难have difficulties with sth
have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth
12.参与participate in =get/be involved in
13.献身于，投入于devote ….to sth/doing
14.一刻，四分之一quarter
十年decade
一个世纪century
15.和……相似be similar to
16.熟悉……be familiar with
17.重要/有价值/有用/有帮助
be of importance/ significance/ value/ use/ help= be important/ significant/ valuable/ useful/ helpful
18.在……帮助下with the help of
=with the aid/ assistance of….
19.在某人许可之下with one’s permission
20.开始存在come into being/ existence
21.影响……have a…effect on = affect
22.被……取代be replaced by/ with
23.在上升中be increasing/ rising
=be on the increase/ rise
在减少中be decreasing/declining/
dropping=be on the decrease/ decline
24.除了做……别无选择
have no choice/ alternative/ option but to do
25.对……负责；是……成因
be responsible for= take responsibility for
26.对……有害do harm to= be harmful to
27.对……有好处be good for=do good to=be beneficial to = be of benefit to….= benefit sb/ sth
28.对……造成威胁be a threat to sth
= be dangerous to ….
29.意识到be aware / conscious of
提高意识raise/ increase one’s awareness of
30.有机会利用/进入have access to….
31.和……相等；胜任于be equal to…
32.有规律的/地regular(ly)
33.舒适的/地
comfortable-comfortably
34.大多数the majority of the students= most of the students = most students
35.占多数in the majority
占少数in the minority
36.大的百分比a large percentage of…
37.毁坏(v) destroy
毁坏(n) destruction
38.可得到的available
39.建立set up=found=establish
组成form a team/ band
40.消失(v)disappear 消失(n) disappearance
41.对…感到自豪be proud of=take pride in
42.描述(v) describe
描述(n) description
43.起……作用play a role in…
44.保持平衡keep a balance
45.考虑……consider …..= take….into consideration/ account
46.和……有联系be related to= relate to=be linked with/ to= be connected with/ to = be associated with
47.以纪念/以对某人表示敬意in honor of
48.以庆祝in celebration of
49.一开始in the beginning
在……开始at the beginning of…
50.使某人想起；提醒某人注意
remind sb of sth
51.和……和谐相处live in harmony with
= live harmoniously with
52.对……造成损害do /cause damage to..
53.成本高at high cost
54.以认可……in recognition of….
55.阻止某人做prevent / stop/ keep sb from
56.保持健康keep fit/ healthy
57.鼓励某人做encourage sb to do
在某人鼓励之下under one’s encouragement
在某人指导之下under one’s guidance
58.成功地做manage to do= succeed in doing
59.受伤(v) injure
受伤(n) injury
受伤(adj) injured
60.遭受……suffer from….
61.被限制到be limited to n/ doing
一个……的限制a limit to…
61.人们普遍接受…
It is widely(=generally) accepted that.
我认为……是可接受的
I think it acceptable that…
62.获得成功achieve success;
达到目的achieve one’s goal
63.除了..之外还有in addition to= besides= apart from=as well as…
除了..没有apart from=except=but =other than
64.在……方面取得进步
make progress=an advance in sth
65.对……厌倦be bored with=be tired of
=be fed up with
66.谨慎（n）caution
谨慎(adj) cautious
67.结合（v）combine
结合(n)
combination
68.和sb交流communicate with
=have communication with
69.对….自信be confident of…
=have confidence in…
70.由……组成consist of= be made up of
71. 对…作出贡献
make contributions to=contribute to..
72.被控制住be controlled =be under control
73.处在灭绝的危险中in danger of dying out
74.为某人树立榜样set an example to sb
75.符合某人的期待
come/ live up to one’s expectations
76.面对……be faced with= face
77.成长(v) grow
成长(n)
growth
78.缺少实际经验lack practical experience =be lacking in …..= be short of……
因为缺….for lack of….
79.身心健康physical and mental health
be healthy physically and mentally
80.积极的positive
消极的negative
81.现象 phenomenon→phenomena
