【新人教版】（广东专版）高三英语一轮复习同步精练（附解析）：选修8 Unit 1　A land of diversity（附解析）

　　选修8

　　Unit 1　A land of diversity

　　Ⅰ. 完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The other day I was invited to a friend’s house for supper—and had a meal I have never had before.

　　All the friends invited were a little __1__.It’s not that Ben is unsociable，or a bad cook，but it’s just that he never __2__ more than he has to.So how come he was inviting us round for a meal？Had he bought something __3__ for his friends？He greeted us at the door and showed us into his dining room where a __4__ table was waiting for us.“Nothing but the __5__ for my friends！” said Ben.We all sat down and looked __6__ at each other—what was he up to?

　　Ben returned with four bowls of hot soup.“It’s a __7__ of carrots，potatoes and tomatoes，” said Ben.The next __8__ was also a little strange in that we didn’t quite know what it was again.It’s just another mixture of vegetable.

　　As we ate we chatted and finally the __9__ turned back to what we were eating.“Was there a recipe(食谱)for this，”asked Marina，“or did you __10__ it up？”Ben put his fork down.“What I cooked __11__ what I could find.”Marina was surprised.“But you can find anything in supermarkets these days.”“But there’s __12__ choice in what you can find outside supermarkets，” he replied.

　　__13__ that we had all finished the food，Ben decided to tell the truth.He had read recently that supermarkets usually throw away 5 percent of their food every day.So Ben decided to look inside his local supermarket bins.There he found food that was slightly out of __14__，boxes of throw­away vegetables and fruit.

　　So Ben had successfully provided a decent meal for his friends，and made us away of the fact that there are many poor people who need the food，but the amount of food thrown away in enough to __15__ millions of people.

　　【解题导语】 本文讲的是作者去参加朋友给他们准备的只有素菜没有大鱼大肉简朴的晚宴，其朋友用心良苦，旨在告诫人们要节约和环保。

　　1． A．excited

　　B．disappointed

　　C．surprised

　　D．delighted

　　解析：从下文的“... he never spends more than he has to”这一通常的行为可推知Ben这次邀请这么多朋友让人吃惊。

　　答案：C

　　2．A.takes

　　B．spends

　　C．uses

　　D．does

　　解析：结合上下文可以推出Ben一般情况下是不请朋友吃饭的。

　　答案：B

　　3．A.cheap

　　B．special

　　C．practical

　　D．usual

　　解析：作者不明白为什么这次Ben会有这样的举动，因此猜测可能是什么特别的东西。

　　答案：B

　　4．A.new

　　B．separate

　　C．booked

　　D．laid

　　解析：桌子已经摆放好，表示Ben已经为此作了一些准备，符合招待客人的语言情景。

　　答案：D

　　5．A.freshest

　　B．most

　　C．best

　　D．least

　　解析：nothing but后面应该取有褒义的词，best在此才能描述Ben要给朋友提供的食物的特征。

　　答案：C

　　6．A.nervously

　　B．carefully

　　C．sadly

　　D．happily

　　解析：由于Ben把这件事搞得很神秘，从而给他们带来紧张感。

　　答案：A

　　7．A.mixture

　　B．liquid

　　C．matter

　　D．dish

　　解析：从下文的“of carrots，potatoes，and tomatoes”，可推出Ben给朋友们的是一碗多种蔬菜混合在一起的混合食物。

　　答案：A

　　8．A.course

　　B．food

　　C．soup

　　D．salad

　　解析：course在此表示一道菜。

　　答案：A

　　9．A.dinner

　　B．idea

　　C．food

　　D．subject

　　解析：从聊天再把话题转移到当时所吃的食物上来，非常符合语言情景。

　　答案：D

　　10．A.pick

　　B．look

　　C．make

　　D．take

　　解析：make up有“编造”的意思，同上文的“Was there a recipe for this”形成对照。

　　答案：C

　　11．A.referred to

　　B．depended on

　　C．lay in

　　D．resulted from

　　解析：承上文，Ben对自己所做的食物作解释。由下文可推知，他只是用他所能find的东西做成刚才的食物，而没有什么特别的东西。

　　答案：B

　　12．A.less

　　B．more

　　C．some

　　D．any

　　解析：同上文的anything形成对照。

　　答案：A

　　13．A.Feeling

　　B．Seeing

　　C．Realizing

　　D．Thinking

　　解析：由于已经达到目的，便告诉朋友真相——刚才自己所做的食物的材料来源是每天被丢在超市外的bin中的东西。

　　答案：B

　　14．A.order

　　B．place

　　C．season

　　D．date

　　解析：过期的东西才最有可能被扔掉。

　　答案：D

　　15．A.enrich

　　B．please

　　C．affect

　　D．feed

　　解析：在此点题，说明Ben的真实用意所在。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅱ. 词汇运用

　　1．We express ourselves ________(用词语)．

　　2．In the team，young people ________(占多数)．

　　3．The company can only supply ________(我们所需的百分之二十)．

　　4．Oil doesn’t ________(和水混合)．

　　5．We’ll try our best to achieve ________(种族的) harmony.

　　6．He ________(已经申请了这份工作)．

　　7．He is devoted to studying ________(社会主义) principles.

　　8．Many accidents ________(发生在家里)．

　　9．________(研究表明) that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.

　　10．Her anxiety ________(大家都看得出)．

　　11．We ________(租了一辆汽车去旅行)．

　　答案：1.by means of words　2.are in the majority　3.20 percent of what we need　4.mix with water

　　5．racial　6.has applied for the job　7.socialist　8.occured in the home　9.Research indicates

　　10．was apparent to us　11.hired a car to travel

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A friend asks me “Why don’t Chinese go Dutch？” So I want to regard this question as the topic and write an article. As everyone knows，westerners will go Dutch while having a meal in the restaurant. But Chinese don’t go Dutch. Chinese will pay the bill and check out generously. Westerners don’t often entertain guests；but Chinese often invite friends to dinner. A lot of westerners feel puzzled to this question.

　　Why does there exist such a difference? First of all，food systems between China and West are different. Chinese put into practice Gather Dining System；westerners put into practice Individual Dining System. Everybody can share the delicious food of all over the table when eating Chinese food. Please note it is sharing，but westerners just eat the food in one’s own plate. If you eat beef and he eats chicken，it is impossible that you taste the flavor of his chicken. The result of the Individual Dining System is that you can only eat the food in your plate.

　　So to eat Chinese food is happier than to eat Western­style food. And I want to ask you a question. Do you like the free thing? I think nobody doesn’t like the free thing. OK! Suppose I invite you to eat the delicious Chinese food，then I pay the bill. This is equivalent to that you have enjoyed a delicious Chinese food free. So you will be very glad. It will strengthen the relation between us in the happy atmosphere.

　　Secondly，westerners eat for the health；Chinese eat for the friendship. Westerners advocate individualism and independence is strong. So westerners express that respect for each other’s independence through the way go Dutch. Chinese like making friends and solidarity. Chinese value the interpersonal relationships and the friendship very much.

　　Third，it is only simple “Have a meal！” for westerners to entertain guests. Unlike the purpose and the means that Chinese entertain guests，in Americans’ idea，“Have a meal” definition is to add fuel to the body for keeping health and normal life activity. That is to say，there is not any additional value. In the Chinese idea，“Have a meal” not only is a kind of life enjoyment，but also is the means to promote friendship between the friends. After enjoying the sumptuous delicious food，you are glad，and I am glad，too. The friendship between the friends has been strengthened in this kind of atmosphere.

　　【文章大意】 在西方国家，人们吃饭总是各付各的钱，而在中国则不一样，本文主要分析这种产生现象的原因。

　　1．What does “go Dutch” mean?

　　A．They will pay for the meal separately.

　　B．Either part will pay for the meal.

　　C．They will go to Dutch for a meal.

　　D．They can enjoy a meal free of charge.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第一段的第三、四、五句可知。难度适中。

　　答案：A

　　2．The differences between Western and Chinese Dinning System lie in the following aspects EXCEPT ________.

　　A．individual and gathering

　　B．the purpose for health and for the friendship

　　C．health maintenance and life enjoyment

　　D．opposition and dependence

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知A项正确；根据第三、四段可知B、C两项正确；只有D项不对，所以选择D项。难度适中。

　　答案：D

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Westerners will share the food in their plates with each other.

　　B．Chinese would like the free meal so they never pay the bill.

　　C．Westerners don’t value the friendship so they never pay the meal for others.

　　D．Chinese attitudes towards the meal seem more complicated than westerners’.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，西方人是为了健康价值，而在中国，不但是为了健康，而且为了生活娱乐和增进友谊。可见，中国对于meals的态度要比西方人的态度要复杂一点。故选D。难度适中。

　　答案：D

　　4．The underlined word “means” in the fifth paragraph refers to ________.

　　A．the definition of “Have a meal！”

　　B．the way of strengthening the friendship

　　C．the meaning of a meal

　　D．the dinner set used for a meal

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第五段可知，中国人和美国人对于饮食不一样的地方在于加强友谊这一点上，所以本题选择B项。难度适中。

　　答案：B

　　5．The passage mainly analyzes the cause of ________.

　　A．the different cultures between the West and China

　　B．the various styles of food between the West and China

　　C．the ways of paying the bill between westerners and Chinese

　　D．all kinds of tastes of food from different countries

　　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章的第一段可知，第一段为本文的中心段。难度适中。

　　答案：C

　　Ⅳ.基础写作

　　2010上海世博会(Exposition 2010)将使中国成为世界的焦点；以其 “Better City，Better Life”的主题，必将吸引世人的目光。

　　【写作内容】

　　请根据以下中文提纲，写一篇短文介绍中国2010年上海世博会：

　　1．到2010年世界55%的人口将居住在城市，未来城市生活成为世界关注的对象；

　　2．作为首个以城市为主题的世博会，上海世博会将引人注目；

　　3．参展者将展示城市文明、交流城市发展的经验并探寻城市可持续(sustainable)发展的途径；

　　4．它将是探讨21世纪城市生活的盛会。

　　【写作要求】

　　只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

　　【评分标准】

　　句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

　　【参考范文】

　　Fifty­five percent of the world population is expected to live in cities by the year 2010.Therefore，the prospect of future urban life，a subject of global interest，concerns all nations，developed or less developed，and their people. Being the first World Exposition on the theme of city，Exposition 2010 will attract governments and people from across the world，focusing on the theme “Better City，Better Life.” During the exposition，participants will display urban civilization to the full extent，exchange their experience of urban development，and explore new approaches to the sustainable urban development. It is widely acknowledged that Expo 2010 Shanghai China will be a great event to explore the full potential of urban life in the 21st century.

　　选修8

　　Unit 1　A land of diversity

　　Ⅰ. 完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The other day I was invited to a friend’s house for supper—and had a meal I have never had before.

　　All the friends invited were a little __1__.It’s not that Ben is unsociable，or a bad cook，but it’s just that he never __2__ more than he has to.So how come he was inviting us round for a meal？Had he bought something __3__ for his friends？He greeted us at the door and showed us into his dining room where a __4__ table was waiting for us.“Nothing but the __5__ for my friends！” said Ben.We all sat down and looked __6__ at each other—what was he up to?

　　Ben returned with four bowls of hot soup.“It’s a __7__ of carrots，potatoes and tomatoes，” said Ben.The next __8__ was also a little strange in that we didn’t quite know what it was again.It’s just another mixture of vegetable.

　　As we ate we chatted and finally the __9__ turned back to what we were eating.“Was there a recipe(食谱)for this，”asked Marina，“or did you __10__ it up？”Ben put his fork down.“What I cooked __11__ what I could find.”Marina was surprised.“But you can find anything in supermarkets these days.”“But there’s __12__ choice in what you can find outside supermarkets，” he replied.

　　__13__ that we had all finished the food，Ben decided to tell the truth.He had read recently that supermarkets usually throw away 5 percent of their food every day.So Ben decided to look inside his local supermarket bins.There he found food that was slightly out of __14__，boxes of throw­away vegetables and fruit.

　　So Ben had successfully provided a decent meal for his friends，and made us away of the fact that there are many poor people who need the food，but the amount of food thrown away in enough to __15__ millions of people.

　　【解题导语】 本文讲的是作者去参加朋友给他们准备的只有素菜没有大鱼大肉简朴的晚宴，其朋友用心良苦，旨在告诫人们要节约和环保。

　　1． A．excited

　　B．disappointed

　　C．surprised

　　D．delighted

　　解析：从下文的“... he never spends more than he has to”这一通常的行为可推知Ben这次邀请这么多朋友让人吃惊。

　　答案：C

　　2．A.takes

　　B．spends

　　C．uses

　　D．does

　　解析：结合上下文可以推出Ben一般情况下是不请朋友吃饭的。

　　答案：B

　　3．A.cheap

　　B．special

　　C．practical

　　D．usual

　　解析：作者不明白为什么这次Ben会有这样的举动，因此猜测可能是什么特别的东西。

　　答案：B

　　4．A.new

　　B．separate

　　C．booked

　　D．laid

　　解析：桌子已经摆放好，表示Ben已经为此作了一些准备，符合招待客人的语言情景。

　　答案：D

　　5．A.freshest

　　B．most

　　C．best

　　D．least

　　解析：nothing but后面应该取有褒义的词，best在此才能描述Ben要给朋友提供的食物的特征。

　　答案：C

　　6．A.nervously

　　B．carefully

　　C．sadly

　　D．happily

　　解析：由于Ben把这件事搞得很神秘，从而给他们带来紧张感。

　　答案：A

　　7．A.mixture

　　B．liquid

　　C．matter

　　D．dish

　　解析：从下文的“of carrots，potatoes，and tomatoes”，可推出Ben给朋友们的是一碗多种蔬菜混合在一起的混合食物。

　　答案：A

　　8．A.course

　　B．food

　　C．soup

　　D．salad

　　解析：course在此表示一道菜。

　　答案：A

　　9．A.dinner

　　B．idea

　　C．food

　　D．subject

　　解析：从聊天再把话题转移到当时所吃的食物上来，非常符合语言情景。

　　答案：D

　　10．A.pick

　　B．look

　　C．make

　　D．take

　　解析：make up有“编造”的意思，同上文的“Was there a recipe for this”形成对照。

　　答案：C

　　11．A.referred to

　　B．depended on

　　C．lay in

　　D．resulted from

　　解析：承上文，Ben对自己所做的食物作解释。由下文可推知，他只是用他所能find的东西做成刚才的食物，而没有什么特别的东西。

　　答案：B

　　12．A.less

　　B．more

　　C．some

　　D．any

　　解析：同上文的anything形成对照。

　　答案：A

　　13．A.Feeling

　　B．Seeing

　　C．Realizing

　　D．Thinking

　　解析：由于已经达到目的，便告诉朋友真相——刚才自己所做的食物的材料来源是每天被丢在超市外的bin中的东西。

　　答案：B

　　14．A.order

　　B．place

　　C．season

　　D．date

　　解析：过期的东西才最有可能被扔掉。

　　答案：D

　　15．A.enrich

　　B．please

　　C．affect

　　D．feed

　　解析：在此点题，说明Ben的真实用意所在。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅱ. 词汇运用

　　1．We express ourselves ________(用词语)．

　　2．In the team，young people ________(占多数)．

　　3．The company can only supply ________(我们所需的百分之二十)．

　　4．Oil doesn’t ________(和水混合)．

　　5．We’ll try our best to achieve ________(种族的) harmony.

　　6．He ________(已经申请了这份工作)．

　　7．He is devoted to studying ________(社会主义) principles.

　　8．Many accidents ________(发生在家里)．

　　9．________(研究表明) that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.

　　10．Her anxiety ________(大家都看得出)．

　　11．We ________(租了一辆汽车去旅行)．

　　答案：1.by means of words　2.are in the majority　3.20 percent of what we need　4.mix with water

　　5．racial　6.has applied for the job　7.socialist　8.occured in the home　9.Research indicates

　　10．was apparent to us　11.hired a car to travel

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A friend asks me “Why don’t Chinese go Dutch？” So I want to regard this question as the topic and write an article. As everyone knows，westerners will go Dutch while having a meal in the restaurant. But Chinese don’t go Dutch. Chinese will pay the bill and check out generously. Westerners don’t often entertain guests；but Chinese often invite friends to dinner. A lot of westerners feel puzzled to this question.

　　Why does there exist such a difference? First of all，food systems between China and West are different. Chinese put into practice Gather Dining System；westerners put into practice Individual Dining System. Everybody can share the delicious food of all over the table when eating Chinese food. Please note it is sharing，but westerners just eat the food in one’s own plate. If you eat beef and he eats chicken，it is impossible that you taste the flavor of his chicken. The result of the Individual Dining System is that you can only eat the food in your plate.

　　So to eat Chinese food is happier than to eat Western­style food. And I want to ask you a question. Do you like the free thing? I think nobody doesn’t like the free thing. OK! Suppose I invite you to eat the delicious Chinese food，then I pay the bill. This is equivalent to that you have enjoyed a delicious Chinese food free. So you will be very glad. It will strengthen the relation between us in the happy atmosphere.

　　Secondly，westerners eat for the health；Chinese eat for the friendship. Westerners advocate individualism and independence is strong. So westerners express that respect for each other’s independence through the way go Dutch. Chinese like making friends and solidarity. Chinese value the interpersonal relationships and the friendship very much.

　　Third，it is only simple “Have a meal！” for westerners to entertain guests. Unlike the purpose and the means that Chinese entertain guests，in Americans’ idea，“Have a meal” definition is to add fuel to the body for keeping health and normal life activity. That is to say，there is not any additional value. In the Chinese idea，“Have a meal” not only is a kind of life enjoyment，but also is the means to promote friendship between the friends. After enjoying the sumptuous delicious food，you are glad，and I am glad，too. The friendship between the friends has been strengthened in this kind of atmosphere.

　　【文章大意】 在西方国家，人们吃饭总是各付各的钱，而在中国则不一样，本文主要分析这种产生现象的原因。

　　1．What does “go Dutch” mean?

　　A．They will pay for the meal separately.

　　B．Either part will pay for the meal.

　　C．They will go to Dutch for a meal.

　　D．They can enjoy a meal free of charge.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第一段的第三、四、五句可知。难度适中。

　　答案：A

　　2．The differences between Western and Chinese Dinning System lie in the following aspects EXCEPT ________.

　　A．individual and gathering

　　B．the purpose for health and for the friendship

　　C．health maintenance and life enjoyment

　　D．opposition and dependence

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知A项正确；根据第三、四段可知B、C两项正确；只有D项不对，所以选择D项。难度适中。

　　答案：D

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Westerners will share the food in their plates with each other.

　　B．Chinese would like the free meal so they never pay the bill.

　　C．Westerners don’t value the friendship so they never pay the meal for others.

　　D．Chinese attitudes towards the meal seem more complicated than westerners’.

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，西方人是为了健康价值，而在中国，不但是为了健康，而且为了生活娱乐和增进友谊。可见，中国对于meals的态度要比西方人的态度要复杂一点。故选D。难度适中。

　　答案：D

　　4．The underlined word “means” in the fifth paragraph refers to ________.

　　A．the definition of “Have a meal！”

　　B．the way of strengthening the friendship

　　C．the meaning of a meal

　　D．the dinner set used for a meal

　　解析：推理判断题。根据文章的第五段可知，中国人和美国人对于饮食不一样的地方在于加强友谊这一点上，所以本题选择B项。难度适中。

　　答案：B

　　5．The passage mainly analyzes the cause of ________.

　　A．the different cultures between the West and China

　　B．the various styles of food between the West and China

　　C．the ways of paying the bill between westerners and Chinese

　　D．all kinds of tastes of food from different countries

　　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章的第一段可知，第一段为本文的中心段。难度适中。

　　答案：C

　　Ⅳ.基础写作

　　2010上海世博会(Exposition 2010)将使中国成为世界的焦点；以其 “Better City，Better Life”的主题，必将吸引世人的目光。

　　【写作内容】

　　请根据以下中文提纲，写一篇短文介绍中国2010年上海世博会：

　　1．到2010年世界55%的人口将居住在城市，未来城市生活成为世界关注的对象；

　　2．作为首个以城市为主题的世博会，上海世博会将引人注目；

　　3．参展者将展示城市文明、交流城市发展的经验并探寻城市可持续(sustainable)发展的途径；

　　4．它将是探讨21世纪城市生活的盛会。

　　【写作要求】

　　只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

　　【评分标准】

　　句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

　　【参考范文】

　　Fifty­five percent of the world population is expected to live in cities by the year 2010.Therefore，the prospect of future urban life，a subject of global interest，concerns all nations，developed or less developed，and their people. Being the first World Exposition on the theme of city，Exposition 2010 will attract governments and people from across the world，focusing on the theme “Better City，Better Life.” During the exposition，participants will display urban civilization to the full extent，exchange their experience of urban development，and explore new approaches to the sustainable urban development. It is widely acknowledged that Expo 2010 Shanghai China will be a great event to explore the full potential of urban life in the 21st century.