2024届高考英语二轮复习专用素材：Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China（外研
Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China
话题词汇
1.creative adj.富有创造力的
2.determination n.决心
3.humorous adj.幽默的
4.independent adj.独立的
5.profession n.职业
6.qualification n.资格；学历
7.be honored as被誉为……
8.be active in积极从事于
9.be admitted into a key university考上重点大学
10.think highly/well of对……高度评价
经典语篇
请根据下面人物简介写一篇短文：
姓名 屠呦呦 国籍 中国 职业 药学家、科学家
主要经历 1.1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波；
2.1951年考入北京大学，专攻/主修制药专业，于1955年毕业；
3.毕业后接受中医培训两年半，并一直在中国中医研究院工作；
4.1972年成功发现并制成一种治疗疟疾的药物——青蒿素而获得多种奖项；
5.2024年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。
总结 我们要向她学习，投身科学研究。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：中国中医研究院/所China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine；疟疾malaria
佳作欣赏
Tu Youyou，a famous female pharmacologist and scientist，was born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.① In 1951，she was admitted into Beijing University，majoring in making medicine and graduated in 1955.After graduation she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half② and she has been working in China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1972，she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world，so that she won many big awards.③To our excitement and delight，she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on October 5th,2024，becoming the first Chinese woman who won the Nobel Prize④ .We are called on to learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.
思维发散
1.将第①句改为含有定语从句的复合句
Tu Youyou，who is a famous female pharmacologist and scientist，was born in Ningbo，Zhejiang Province on December 30th,1930.
2.将第②句改为含有时间状语从句的复合句
After she graduated，she was trained in traditional Chinese medicine for two years and a half.
3.将第③句中的so that从句改为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
In 1972，she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin out of a Chinese herb to cure those patients of malaria in different places of the world，for which she won many big awards.
4.将第④句中的定语从句改为短语作定语
becoming the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize
Ⅰ.重点单词
A.写作单词
1.equal (adj.)平等的
2.importance (n.)重要；重要性
3.teaching (n.)(常作复数)教导；学说
4.thinker (n.)思想家
5.kindness (n.)善良
6.position (n.)职位
7.condition (n.)状况；条件；环境
8.order (n.)秩序；(vt.)命令；订购
orderly (adj.)秩序井然的
9.adviser (n.)顾问
advise (v.)建议
advice (n.)建议；意见
10.honesty (n.)诚实
honest (adj.)诚实的；直率的
honestly (adv.)诚实地
11.contribution (n.)贡献
contribute (vt.)贡献
12.invent (vt.)发明
invention (n.)发明
inventor (n.)发明家
13.argument (n.)争论；辩论；议论
argue (vi.)争论；辩论；议论
14.freedom (n.)自由
free (adj.)自由的
B.阅读单词
15.principle (n.)原则；准则
16.stress (vt.)强调
17.resign (vi.)辞职
18.justice (n.)公正
19.leather (n.)皮革
20.soft (adj.)柔软的
21.category (n.)范畴；种类
22.fuel (n.)燃料
23.influential (adj.)有影响的
influence (n.& vt.)影响
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.be at war with与……交战
2.bring up养育；抚养；提出；呕吐
3.become interested in对……感兴趣
4.be proud of为……自豪
5.in conclusion总之
6.for the first time首先；第一次
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.Treat others in the way you want to be treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。
3.Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.
孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。
4.Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century，and were no faster than a horse.
19世纪末时，汽车首次被使用，其速度并不比马跑得快。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
There were many great philosophers in ancient China.
Confucius,1.who was born in 551 BC and died in 479 BC，was the greatest philosopher.He stressed the 2.importance(important) of kindness，duty and order in society.3.His ideas affected Chinese society for over 2,000 years.
Mencius，born in 372 BC，was a student of Confucius’s ideas.So，his teachings were similar to 4.those of Confucius.He believed man was born good and 5.that people were more important than rulers.He wrote a book in his last years 6.named(name) The Book of Mencius.
Mozi，who was born in 476 BC and died in 390 BC，was also 7.an influential philosopher.In some ways，his ideas were similar to those of Confucius.For example，he 8.thought(think) government was most important.Mozi believed all men were 9.equal(equally).His idea of love 10.differed(different) from the Confucian idea of kindness.Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism.
1 equal adj.相同的，相等的the same in...；平等的；相当的；能胜任的fit；capable；n.同等的人；相等物；v.与……相等，等于be the same in...；比得上；抵得过be as good as...
[应试指导] equally写作关联词
1be equal in在……方面比得上
be equal to sth./doing sth.等于……；与……相等；能胜任……
on equal terms在对等的条件下
without equal/have no equal无与伦比
A equals B in...A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹配
2equally adv.相等地；同样地；平等地
3equality n.[U]相等；相同；平等
(1)The amount of radiation was equal to using a mobile phone for two halfhour periods per day.
辐射量相当于每天使用两次、每次半小时的手机所接受的辐射。
(2)He is a player without equal.
他是个无与伦比的运动员。
(3)He equals me in strength but not in intelligence.
他和我力气相当但智力不等。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He is equal to Tom in ability.
②The two countries had a conversation on equal terms.
③An equally(equal) important quality is tolerance.
④They live and work together in complete equality(equal) and brotherhood.
(2)As a holiday destination in winter，the Hainan Island has no equal.
作为冬天度假的目的地，海南岛无疑是最佳选择。
2
[多词一义] contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead to，cause
1make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献；捐款
2contribute vt.& vi.捐献；捐助；是……的原因之一；贡献；投稿
contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to有助于；导致＝result in/lead to；把时间投入到……
(1)Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund?
你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？
(2)He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.
他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。
[图解助记]
多维训练
(1)同义句改写
Various factors contributed to his downfall.
Various factors resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused/brought about his downfall.
(2)In a discussion group，it’s very important that everyone (should) contribute(每个人都贡献) whatever is in their minds.
3
[应试指导] (1)on no condition位于句首的倒装；(2)on condition that引导条件状语从句；(3)condition后跟定语从句的考查
in good/bad condition身体好/不好；状态好/不好
out of condition身体不好；状态不佳
on condition that...条件是……
on no condition决不
(1)The MP4 is in good condition，looking like the newly bought one.
这台MP4状况良好，就跟新买的一样。
(2)I’ve had no exercise for ages；I’m really out of condition.
我已好久没锻炼了，现在健康状况欠佳。
(3)He spoke to reporters on condition that he was not identified.
在不披露身份的条件下，他接受了记者的采访。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①The nearest hotel is in good condition.
②You must on no condition tell them the secret.
③She made it a condition that he (should) go with her.
④Can you imagine such conditions where you have nothing to live on for a week?
(2)同义句改写
On no condition must you tell them the secret. (把上题句②改为倒装句)
4
[应试指导] “bring＋副词”类语境词义辨析
bring about引起；导致
bring down降低；减少
bring in带进来；有收入；赚得；引入
bring out使显现；阐明；出版
(1)He left her to bring up three young children on her own.
他留下她独自抚养3个年幼的孩子。
(2)The new plan will bring down the inflation rate.
新计划将降低通货膨胀率。
多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中bring up的汉语意思
①Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.养育；抚养
②Why did you have to bring up the subject of money？提出
③Joe brought up what he had eaten.呕吐
(2)短语填空
①The prices have been brought down so far.
②The economic reform brought about great changes in the lives of the common people.
③The discussion came alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
④Immediately after the book was brought out，it became a bestseller.
5
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①All teachers will take pride in the progress made by their students.
②She did well in every subject，but she never seemed to be proud of her achievement.
(2)一句多译
她为能很好地完成一项工作而感到自豪。
①She is proud of doing a job well.(be proud of)
②She is proud to be able to do a job well.(be proud to do sth.)
③She is proud that she is able to do a job well.(be proud that...)
④She feels/takes pride in doing a job well.(feel/take pride in)
6
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He concluded his speech with a famous saying.
②What can we conclude from Stafford’s research?
③In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.
(2)一句多译
从以上讨论可得出两个结论。
①Two conclusions can be drawn from the above discussion.
②There are two conclusions to be drawn from the above discussion.
7 But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.但那也是一个产生了许多哲学家的时期。
a time表示“一段时间”，相当于a period of time，后接when引导的定语从句。It/This/That/There was a time when...曾经一度那时……
(1)It was a time when motorcars were rare.
那时汽车是很罕见的。
(2)I still remember a time when I lived in Germany.
我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①It was after having her first child at a time when my mother was working as a lawyer that she decided to run for governor of the state.
②There was a time when this style of dress was popular with young girls.
(2)单句改错
①How happy Marie is！It is the first time when she has seen pandas face to face，isn’t it？when→that
②Isn’t it time when children went to bed since it is too late？when→that
8 Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。
reason常用句式：
the reason
the reason后是用why或for which还是用that或which，取决于其在从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用that或which；缺少状语用why或for which。
(1)The reason why he didn’t come was that he was ill.
他没来的原因是他病了。
(2)The reason for this is that they want to see how we will act when we are not being controlled.
这样做的原因是，他们希望看到当我们不被操纵时我们将如何行事。
多维训练
单句语法填空
(1)The only reason why I came was that I wanted to meet your friends.
(2)The reason for the party is that it’s Sue’s birthday.
(3)Is this the reason that/which he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.As for cheating in the exams，I will tell them the importance(重要性) of honesty.(2024·广东)
2.Another argument(争议) against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment.(2024·广东)
3.Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate for the position(职位).(2024·陕西)
4.“It’s kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a daytoday basis，” says Thomas Serval，the French inventor(发明家).(2024·山东)
