2024届高考英语一轮复习单元演练：必修3 Module 5《Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient Chin

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　　第一部分　必修三　Module 5

　　Ⅰ.语法填空，单句训练

　　1．Our English teacher often ________(stress) the importance of reading aloud.

　　答案：stresses　stress用作动词意为“强调”。

　　2．When he came back from abroad, our country was ________war with Japan.

　　答案：at　be at war with意为“在与……交战中”。句意：当他从国外回来时，我们的国家正同日本处于交战状态。

　　3．As reward ________ his contribution ________ botany, Joseph Banks had a flower named ________ him.

　　答案：for; to; after　第一个空应用for表示原因；contribution后常接to，表示“对……的贡献”；name...after...意为“以……命名……”，为固定搭配。

　　4．Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.

　　答案：where　句意：生活就像一次长跑，我们不断和别人竞争以超越自己。该句应用where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。

　　5．He had to obey the order that he ________(finish) the secret task ahead of time.

　　答案：finish　分析句子结构可知，在order之后跟了一个that引导的同位语从句。order的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中谓语部分都要用“should＋动词原形”的形式，should可省略。

　　6．The reason ________ he was late for class was not the reason ________ he gave me.

　　答案：why; that　第一个reason后面的定语从句中需要原因状语，应用why引导；第二个reason后面的定语从句中gave需要直接宾语，应用关系代词that引导。

　　7．John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________(finish), he gladly accepted it.

　　答案：finished　在该题的with复合结构中，由于his work与finish为被动关系，所以应用其过去分词形式。

　　8．I don't want to bring________ the topic, but why on earth did you get home that late last night?

　　答案：up　bring up意为“养育；呕吐；提出”。此处表示“我不想提这个话题”。

　　9．(2024·上海复兴中学月考改编)—Have their living conditions improved after all these years?

　　—No, ________better than before, I'm afraid.

　　答案：no　根据语境可知，他们的居住状况没有得到改善，所以应用no，表示“并不比以前好”。

　　10．You may borrow the book, ________condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.

　　答案：on　句意：你可以借这本书，条件是你不要借给其他人。on condition that意为“条件是”。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空，篇章训练

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　M：Michelle　D：Drake

　　D：Michelle, why are you dancing? I thought we had to study for our math test!

　　M：Oh, hi, Drake! I __1__(do) some exercise just now. I thought you must have been stuck in the heavy traffic for it was the rush hour. Let me turn the music __2__.

　　D：You exercise by __3__(dance)? I thought things like running and bicycling __4__(consider) exercise.

　　M：Well, those are other good ways to work out, but I like to dance. It is fun to move around to music, and you can __5__(sure) work up a sweat. Do you like to dance?

　　D：Yes, I do，__6__ I am not a very good dancer. For exercise, I prefer playing soccer. Guess what? I __7__(play) in a match this time next Saturday.

　　M：Cool! I know you like to go to the park on the weekend and play soccer. Maybe you should try dancing, and I will try playing soccer.

　　D：Do you know how to play soccer? __8__ is really very easy to learn once you try.

　　M：I can't play soccer very well, even though I used to play a lot when I was a kid. __9__ you teach me some of your soccer moves, I'll teach you some dance moves! How does that sound?

　　D：It's __10__ deal. If it weren't for the math test tomorrow, we could go to the gym right now.

　　M：Right. No more fun and games. Let me get my notebook.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：1.was doing　2.off　3.dancing　4.were considered　5.surely　6.but　7.will be playing　8.It　9.If　10.a

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　(2024·安徽安庆六校联考)

　　A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you combine the two to do something for your local environment?

　　As early as next year it may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to bury it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower. A biodegradable (生物可降解的) mobile phone was, this month, introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage consumers to recycle.

　　Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other plastic and can be hard or soft, and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic (有毒的) chemicals. British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it forms nitrates (硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.

　　Engineers have designed a small transparent (透明的)window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.

　　“We've only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant experts to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time，” said one scientist.

　　As phone technology is developing so quickly people are constantly (经常地) throwing their mobiles away. This means manufacturers are under pressure to find ways of recycling them.

　　Some 650 million mobile phones have been sold this year. Most of them will be thrown away within two years, adding plastic, heavy metal and chemical waste to the environment. A biodegradable cover can offer some relief for nature, according to the scientists.

　　“The seed is released and the flower grows in the pot so you don't have to concern yourself with the phone when you have finished using it，” said Kerry Kirwan. She leads the research team, which is based at the University of Warwick in Britain.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家计划推出的一种可生物降解的手机。希望这种新型手机能鼓励消费者进行回收再利用。

　　1．After you have finished using the new type of mobile phone, ________.

　　A．the sunflower seed will come out and flower wherever you throw it

　　B．the phone cover will break down easily in the soil which you bury it in

　　C．it will be recycled by the manufactures

　　D．it can recharge itself in an environmentfriendly way

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic chemicals.”可知，应选B项。

　　2．Which of the following is wrong about the cover of the new type of phone?

　　A．It can provide useful fertilizer (肥料) for the sunflower seed after the mobile phone breaks down.

　　B．It looks like normal plastics but it can break down.

　　C．It can serve as the storage for the sunflower seed.

　　D．It makes sure the seed only grows after the phone is thrown away.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据第四段可知选项D是a small transparent window的功能，而不是the cover的功能。故选D项。

　　3．This type of research is done because ________.

　　A．the technology that produces mobile phones is changing rapidly

　　B．consumers tend to throw away their mobile phones within two years

　　C．nobody has ever thought of recycling mobile phones

　　D．producing mobile phones uses a lot of energy, so this has become a very big problem for the environment

　　答案：B　推理判断题。根据第七段可知，由于手机更新速度快，大多数手机在两年内将被扔掉，这就给环境带来了污染。为了缓解对自然界造成的污染，科学家们推出了一种可生物降解的手机。故选B项。

　　4．We can infer from the story ________.

　　A．the new type of mobile phone is already on the market

　　B．the new type of mobile phone will sell extremely well

　　C．recycling mobile phones is increasingly important to the scientists

　　D．other flowers may be used in the new type of cell phone

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Maybe we could put roses in next time...”可推断，未来也可在手机中放其他花的种子。故选D项。

　　Stephen Hawking (January, 8th, 1942—)was born on the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death. He has come to be thought of as the greatest mind in physics since Albert Einstein.

　　Hawking grew up outside London in an educated family. His father was a physician and specialist in tropical diseases, his mother was active in the Liberal Party. From early on he wanted to study science. He became increasingly skilled in mathematics and in 1958 he and some friends built a simple computer that actually worked. In 1959 he won a scholarship to Oxford University. In 1962 he got his degree with honors and went to Cambridge University to gain a PhD in cosmology (宇宙论)．There he became crazy about black holes (first proposed by Robert Oppenheimer). After receiving his PhD, he stayed at Cambridge, becoming known even in his 20s for his pioneering ideas and use of Einstein's formulas, as well as his questioning of older, established physicists.

　　In 1968 he joined the staff of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge and began to study black holes. Soon afterwards he made an astonishing discovery. Hawking suggested that under certain conditions, a black hole could give out subatomic particles (颗粒). That is now known as Hawking Radiation. He continued working on the theory of the origin of the universe.

　　At the age of 32, he received the Albert Einstein Award. And in 1979, he was appointed Lucasian Professor Chair in the world. Since its creation 330 years ago, 17 individuals have held the chair, like Sir Isaac Newton, Charles Babbage and Robert Woodhouse. There he began to question the big bang theory, which by then most had been accepted.

　　In 1988 Hawking wrote A Brief History of Time：From the Big Bang to Black Holes, explaining the evolution (发展) of his thinking about the cosmos for a general audience. It became a longstanding bestseller and established his reputation as an accessible genius. He wrote other popular articles and appeared in movies and television. He remains extremely busy, his work hardly slowed by Lou Gehrig's diseases (a disease that affects muscle control) for which he uses a wheelchair and speaks through a computer and voice synthesizer (合成器)．

　　5．Which of the following is the correct order of the information about Stephen Hawking?

　　a．He received the Albert Einstein Award.

　　b．He joined the staff of the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge and began to study black holes.

　　c．He got his degree with honors and went to Cambridge University to gain a PhD in cosmology.

　　d．He and some friends built a simple computer that actually worked.

　　e．He suggested that under certain conditions, a black hole could give out subatomic particles.

　　f．He wrote A Brief History of Time.

　　A．d, c, b, e, a, f B．c, d, e, b, a, f

　　C．d, c, e, b, a, fD．d, c, e, b, f, a

　　答案：A　细节排列题。d，c，b，e，a，f时间排列为：1958→1962→1968→1968(Soon afterwards)→1974(at the age of 32)→1988。

　　6．Which of the following is NOT true about Stephen Hawking?

　　A．General audience can understand his book A Brief History of Time, making him more popular.

　　B．He began to doubt the big bang theory generally accepted at Cambridge.

　　C．His educated family had a positive effect on his study and future achievements.

　　D．Hawking devoted himself to studying the theory of black holes, which he put forward first.

　　答案：D　细节判断题。由第二段第七句中“There he became crazy about black holes (first proposed by Robert Oppenheimer)．”可知，黑洞理论是由奥本海默首先提出的，而不是霍金，故D项表述错误。

　　7．Which of the following scientists didn't work as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge?

　　A．Sir Isaac Newton. B．Albert Einstein.

　　C．Charles Babbage.D．Robert Woodhouse.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。由第四段第二句中“And in 1979, he was appointed Lucasian Professor Chair in the world. Since its creation 330 years ago, 17 individuals have held the chair, like Sir Isaac Newton, Charles Babbage and Robert Woodhouse.”可知答案为B项。文中并没有说爱因斯坦曾经任命为剑桥大学卢卡贤数学教授，而只是说“He (Hawking)has come to be thought of as the greatest mind in physics since Albert Einstein”。

　　8．The passage doesn't talk about Hawking's ________.

　　A．marriage B．research and discovery

　　C．achievements Dhealth conditions

　　答案：A　细节理解题。全文主要介绍了霍金的研究和发现，他所取得的成就，文章结尾还介绍了他的身体状况，唯独没有提到他的婚姻情况。