2024届高考英语一轮复习必备单词素材：Unit 22 Environmental Protection（北师大版）
Unit 22 Environmental Protection
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.trap vt. 使困住
2.principle n.
原则，道德准则
3.beyond prep.
超出
4.relevant adj.
有关的
5.coincidence n.
巧合
6.condemn vt.
迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；宣判
7.sacrifice vt.& vi.
牺牲；献出
8.advocate vt.
主张，提倡
9.recycle vt.
回收利用
10.substitute n.
代替品，代用品
11.seize vt.
依法没收；(用武力)夺取
12.means n.
方式，方法；手段
13.potential n.
可能性，潜在性
14.adopt vt.采用；收养→adoption n．收养；采用
15.reservation n．预订；保留；保护；疑惑→reserve n．保护区 vt.保留；预订→reserved adj.预订的，保留的
16.agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
17.threaten vt.威胁→threat n．威胁
18.changeable adj.多变的→change n．& v．变化
19.separation n．分离，分开→separate v．分离，分开 adj.分开的
20.construct vt.建造→construction n．建造
21.finance n．资金→financial adj.财政的；金融的
22.allocate vt.分配，配给→allocation n．分配，配给
23.politics n．政治(活动)→political adj.政治的→politician n．政治家
24.sharpen vt.削尖→sharp adj.锋利的→sharpener n．卷笔刀
25.considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的→consideration n．考虑；思考→consider vt.思考，考虑；认为→considering prep.考虑到；鉴于
26.calculate vt.计算，算出→calculation n．计算→calculator n．计算器 用所给词的适当形式填空1.Don't try to threaten (threat) me. I won't compromise with you.
2.The number of people employed in agriculture (agricultural) has fallen in the last decade.
3.Some members of the committee expressed reservations (reserve) about the proposal.
4.Henry was forced to leave his motherland for political (politics) reasons.
5.The schools must adopt (adoption) new methods of teaching foreign languages.
6. The world is changeable,_and everything is changing.(change)
7.Considering his young age, it is quite considerate of him to consider other people before making decisions.(consider)
8.After a long separation,_they both lived a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully.(separate)
9.A new bridge is being constructed over the river and its construction will be finished next year.(construct)
10.It is not safe to let the child sharpen his pencil using the sharp sharpener.(sharp)
11.If necessary, students are allowed to calculate the volume (容积) of the container using a calculator,_which will make the calculation simpler.(calculate)
12.A large sum has been allocated for buying new books for the library. The allocation is of great importance to our school library's construction.(allocate) 1. 各大“产业”名词个个清
①agriculture农业
②industry
工业
③business
商业
④forestry
林业
⑤fishing
渔业
⑥planting industry
种植业
2. ant结尾形容词一览
①relevant
有关的
②fragrant
芳香的
③important
重要的
④vacant
空虚的
⑤instant
立即的
⑥constant
频繁的
⑦pleasant
令人愉快的
⑧tolerant
宽容的
3. “环境”相关词全扫描
①species n.
物种
②reserve n.
保护区
③atmosphere n.
大气层
④conservation n.
保护
⑤resource n.
资源
⑥recycle v.
回收利用
⑦habitat n.
栖息地
⑧ecology n.
生态
4. 聚焦sub开头单词
①substitute n.
代替品
②subconscious adj.
下意识的
③subheading n.
小标题
④subjective adj.
主观的
⑤submit v.
提交；呈递
⑥subscribe v.
定期订购
5. “相似词”小结
①dessert n．甜点→desert v．舍弃
②tissue n．组织→issue n．问题，发行
③affect vt.影响→effect n．影响
④principle n．原则→principal n．校长
⑤borrow v．借→sorrow n．悲痛
⑥wander v．漫步→wonder v．想知道
⑦fellow n．家伙→follow v．跟随
⑧pillow n．枕头→willow n．垂柳
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.a_number_of 一些
2.beyond_one's_control
超出……的控制，不
受……的控制
3.in_turn
依次；反过来
4.lead_to
引起，导致
5.ahead_of
在……前面
6.apart_from
除……以外
7.answer_for
(对已产生的不良后
果)负责任
8.call_for_an_end_to_sth.
要求结束……
9.on_somebody's_behalf
代表……
10.carry_off
掠去，夺走
11.all_in_all
总的来说
12.earn_one's_living
谋生
13.as_a_matter_of_fact
实际上
14.break_away_from
摆脱；脱离(团体、组
织、某种思想体系)
15.look__ahead
展望未来，向前看
16.take_action
采取行动 选用左栏短语填空1.A_number_of students were absent from the meeting for various reasons.
2.Apart_from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
3.I thought we'd be late for the concert, but we ended up getting there ahead_of time.
4.The young man made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn_his_living after graduation.
5.Your attitude affects others which in_turn affects you.
6.If you go on doing this, we won't answer_for the consequences.
7.I was encouraged to break_away_from old forms and rules.
8.Look_ahead in the distance, and you can see the lights of the village. 1. 说说“引起，导致”短语
①bring about
②lead
to
③result in/from
④contribute to
2. “负责”短语全接触
①answer for
②be responsible for
③be responsible to
④in (the) charge of
3. “许多，大量”词汇小聚
①修饰不可数名词：
much, a great deal of, a good amount of, large amounts of
②修饰可数名词：
a number of, a few, many a
③既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词：
lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.Without these naturally occurring gases, the sun's rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.
如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空中去，使地球处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的存在。 含蓄条件句的虚拟。 没有你的帮助，我是不可能通过考试的。Without your help, I wouldn't_have_passed the test.
2.Given this data, it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.
鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。 given用作介词或连词，表示“鉴于；考虑到；倘若”。 考虑到目前的条件，我认为叶诗文已做得相当出色。Given_the_present_conditions,_I think Ye Shiwen has done rather well.
3.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.
近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。 拟人修辞手法。 过去30年见证了中国的快速发展。The_last_30_years_have_witnessed/seen the rapid development of China.
1．trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套；捕捉器
[教材原句] Because of the greenhouse effect, the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.
因为温室效应，困在大气层中的气体使得地球气温上升。
(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth. 使某人陷入(做)某事
的圈套；使中计
be/get trapped in
被困在……中
(2)fall into the trap of doing sth.
落入做某事的圈套
set/lay a trap for ...
为……设圈套
①Don't fall_into_the_trap_of investing all your money in one place.
不要把你所有的钱都投资到一个地方。
②Were you just going to trap_her_into making some admissions?
你刚才想诱使她供认吗？
[联想发散] 表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：
①be/get locked in be/get caught in
③be/get stuck in
④be/get blocked in
2．reserve vt.储备；保存；保留；预订，预约n.保护区；储备
[高考佳句] I can not get the book I want but can I reserve it? (2024·重庆高考满分作文)
我找不到我要的书，但我能预约吗？
(1)a nature reserve自然保护区
in reserve
贮存；备用
(2)reserve sth.for sb./sth.
为某人/某物保留、预订某物
(3)reservation n.
保留；预订(房间、座位等)
make a reservation
预订(座位、房间等)
It is advisable to keep some food in_reserve in case of emergency.
储备一些食物以应急需是明智的。
I would be very thankful if you could reserve_a_ticket_for_me for the train bound for Wuhan tomorrow morning.
若你能为我预订一张明天早上开往武汉的火车票，将不胜感激。
Margaret made a reservation (reserve) at/in
her favorite hotel in Singapore.
玛格丽特预订了她在新加坡最喜欢的饭店。
3．advocate vt.主张，提倡n.提倡者，拥护者
[经典例句] The report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke detectors.(牛津P31)
报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。
(1)advocate (doing) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
advocate that ...
主张……[从句谓语动词用
(should＋)动词原形]
(2)be an advocate of/for
……的提倡者/拥护者
①We advocated that everyone in our school (should)_donate_some_money_to the earthquakestricken area.
我们提倡在学校里的每个人都为地震灾区捐些钱。
②Many experts advocate rewarding_ (reward) your child for good behaviour.
很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
③She has always been an advocate of/for changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn.
她一贯主张对英语的拼写进行改革，使之更易于学习。
4．substitute vt.&vi.(用……)替代；取代n.代替品，代用品
[经典例句] The course teaches you the theory but there's no substitute for practical experience.(牛津P2024)
这门课教的是理论，但没有任何东西能代替实践经验。
(1)a substitute for ...……的替代者
(2)substitute A for B＝substitute B with/by A
用A代替/取代B
substitute for
代替，取代
①She is seeking a_substitute_for the very man whose departure made her cry.
那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺。
②We substitute the red balls for the blue ones, to see if the baby would notice.
我们用红色球代替蓝色球，看是否能够引起宝宝的注意。
③At least three years of relevant experience may substitute_for the formal qualifications listed above.
至少三年以上的相关经验可以代替上方所示正规资格。
[写作联想] 例句②其他表达方式
①We substitute the blue balls with/by the red ones, to see if the baby would notice.
②We replace the blue balls with/by the red ones, to see if the baby would notice.
③We exchange the red balls for the blue ones, to see if the baby would notice.
5．threaten vt.威胁，恐吓
[教材原句] They threatened to close our credit lines if we don't reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we produce.
如果我们不降低二氧化碳的排放量，他们威胁说将取消我们的信用额度。
(1)threaten sb.with ... 用……威胁某人
threaten to do sth.
威胁要做某事
threaten that ...
威胁……
(2)threat n.
威胁，恐吓
a threat to sb./sth.
对某人或某事的威胁
He tied her up and threatened_her_with a sixinch knife.
他把她捆起来，拿着一把六英寸长的刀子威胁她。
China is a peaceloving country, and we have never been a_threat_to the world.
中国是一个爱好和平的国家，我们从来不会成为世界的威胁。
Those kidnappers threatened to_kill (kill) their son if they couldn't get enough money.
绑架者威胁说，如果得不到足够的钱就会杀掉他们的儿子。
6．means n．方式，方法；手段
[高考佳句] In addition, we have more choices by means of wild release.(2024·重庆高考写作)
此外，通过自由分享的方式我们有更多选择。
means of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法、途径
